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This article reviews the use of formal dual process models in social psychology, with a focus on the Process Dissociation model and related multinomial models. The utility of the models is illustrated using studies of social and affective influences on memory, judgment and decision making, and social attitudes and stereotypes. We then compare and contrast the Process Dissociation model with other approaches, including implicit and explicit tests, signal detection theory, and multinomial models. Finally, we show how several recently proposed multinomial models can be integrated into a single family of models, of which Process Dissociation is a specific instance. We describe how these process models can be used as both theoretical and measurement tools to answer questions about the role of automatic and controlled processes in social behavior. Dual Process Theories 3 One of the first things people want to know about behavior is whether it was intended. Did that driver intend to cut me off? Did she brush his knee by mistake or on purpose? Psychologists want to understand the differences between volitional behaviors and those tha