Extreme Learning Machine

Abstract—This study aims at finding the relationship be-tween EEG signals and human emotional states. Movie clips are used as stimuli to evoke positive, neutral and negative emotions of subjects. We introduce a new effective classifier named discriminative graph regularized extreme learning machine (GELM) for EEG-based emotion recognition. The average classification accuracy of GELM using differential entropy (DE) features on the whole five frequency bands is 80.25%, while the accuracy of SVM is 76.62%. These results indicate that GELM is more suitable for emotion recognition than SVM. Additionally, the accuracies of GELM using DE features on Beta and Gamma bands are 79.07%, 79.93 % respectively. This suggests that these two bands are more relevant to emotion. The experimental results indicate that the EEG patterns for emotion are generally stable among different experiments and subjects. By using minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance (MRMR) al-gorithm and correlation coefficients to select effective features, we get the distribution of top 20 subject-independent features and build a manifold model to monitor the trajectory of emotion changes with time. I