The Deadliest Catch: Fishing for HIV in New Waters

In the absence of an effective HIV vaccine, case findingsand treatments are the mainstay of HIV prevention. Ef-fective treatments are available, but more than 25 % of HIV-infected individuals in the United States may not know that they are infected (1). Perhaps as a result, the rate of HIV transmission in the United States seems to be hold-ing steady (2, 3). Two years ago, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) responded by announcing a bold new strategy to curb HIV transmission: screening average-risk individuals in an attempt to bring more people with HIV infection into treatment and care. The new strat-egy proposed reaching beyond HIV voluntary counseling and testing sites (places where people who believe they are at risk for HIV can get tested) to screen for HIV in other medical settings. Additional key recommendations in-cluded simplifying requirements for obtaining written in