©ARC Page | 90 Study of Biology and Bioclimatology of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) To Optimize Yield and Increase Economic in Jericho and Gaza Cities of Palestine

Abstract: We analyzed the mean annual temperature and precipitation using data from two weather stations from the Palestine Meteorological Department, recorded in the period from 1993-2010 (17 years), with the same years plant production, in Jericho and Gaza cities. Statistical tests included a bioclimatic analysis of Palestinian meteorological stations for the period previous by using bioclimatic classification of the Earth of Rivas Martinez Salvador, with regard to simple thermicity index, compensated thermicity index, annual ombrothermic index, water deficit and soil water reserve. In concluded, in the principal component analysis and the correspondence analysis, Jericho whose production depends on the bioclimate and climate factors as a temperature, compensated thermicity index and simple continentality index, while Gaza type plots reveal the influence of annual ombrothermic index, precipitation, soil water reserve and water deficit. However, Jericho and Gaza were located in the arid, semiarid and dry ombrotype of the area where mean temperature is higher than 20oC for eight months of the year during which the annual ombrothermic value is>2.5, with suitable soil water reserve and little deficit water to optimize Date Palm production and increased economic in these areas