Extraction of Cyperus Rotundus Rhizomes Oil, Identification of Chemical Constituents and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of the Oil in North Kordofan State

Abstract: Cyperus rotundus plant belongs to (Cyperaceae) family has a common local name siada. It has many different medical uses and these were based on the different parts of the plant. The aim of this work to extract Cyperus rotundus rhizomes oil, identify chemical components, test the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of the oil. Three samples from cyperus rotudus rhizomes were collected from different locations in North kordofan State (Elrahad(A), Elobeid(B) and Bano(C)). The extraction process was carried out by hydrodistillation. The percentage yield of the hydrodistilled essential oil prepared from the three samples (A, B and C) gave 2.9%, 0.6 % and 1.8 % respectively. Analysis of the oils by GC/MS resulted in the identification of 75, 83 and 79 compounds for samples A, B and C respectively. The composition of the essential oils differed qualitatively and quantitatively according to the growing places. The antimicrobial activity was tested by cup-plate agar diffusion method using four different concentrations of the three extracted oil samples (100, 50, 25 and 12.5mg/ml) against four types of bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli) and two fungi strains (Candid albican and Aspergillusnige). Candid albican was the most susceptible to extract (A) at higher concentration (100mg/ml) among the tested microorganisms the inhibition zone diameter was found to be 20mm. Extract B have been shown to possess the strongest antimicrobial activity against Aspergillusniger at highe