Investigation of Smart Antenna: An Overview

In the recent years, advancement in telecommunication technologies and the increasing demand of data rate has motivated the optimized use of frequency spectrum. One technique for the efficient usage of frequency is Smart Antenna system. They provide a smart solution to the problem of communication traffic overload i.e. they increase the traffic capacity. Smart Antenna technologies will change the economics of 3G radio networks. They provide either a major data capacity gain or a significant reduction in the number of base stations required to achieve a base level of service. This paper is an overview of Smart Antenna technology, their benefits, how they work and how they can be deployed to best advantage. The research is focused on determining the feasibility of smart transmit and receive handset antennas. The goals are to show reduced power consumption, improved capacity and better link reliability.. Finally, a new wideband compact Smart antenna (SMA) is proposed. Preliminary work is presented along with numerical and experimental results for various environments such as free space, plastic casing, and the proximity of a hand