Efficient Routing and Wavelength Division Multiplexing Conversion With Different Link Capabilities and Optical Paths in Trans-Egypt Communication Networks

Abstract- All optical networks using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology are promising for serving as the backbone of next generation Internet, because optical WDM networks can provide huge bandwidth capacity effectively. In wavelength routed WDM networks, data are routed in optical channels called lightpaths. Given a set of connection requests, the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem involves finding a route (routing) and assigning a wavelength to each request This paper has presented the WDM technology which is being extensively deployed on point to point links within transport networks in the Egypt. However, WDM promises advantages for switching and routing as well as for transmission. Optical cross connects are currently being developed which can switch an entire wavelength from an input fiber to an output fiber so that large bandwidth circuits can be routed through th