Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis: A Review of Alkaline Water Electrolysis, PEM Water Electrolysis and High Temperature Water Electrolysis

Abstract:- Water electrolysis is a quite old technology started around two centuries back, but promising technology for hydrogen production. This work reviewed the development, crisis and significance, past, present and future of the different water electrolysis techniques. In this work thermodynamics, energy requirement and efficiencies of electrolysis processes are reviewed. Alkaline water electrolysis, polymer electrolysis membrane (PEM) and High temperature electrolysis are reviewed and compared. Low share of water electrolysis for hydrogen production is due to cost ineffective, high maintenance, low durability and stability and low efficiency compare to other available technologies. Current technology and knowledge of water electrolysis are studied and reviewed for where the modifications and development required for hydrogen production. This review paper analyzes the energy requirement, practical cell voltage, efficiency of process, temperature and pressure effects on potential kinetics of hydrogen production and effect of electrode materials on the conventional water electrolysis for Alkaline electrolysis, PEM electrolysis and Hig