An investigation on magnetism, spin–phonon coupling, and ferroelectricity in multiferroic GdMn2O5

Abstract The magnetization, Raman spectroscopy, and fer-roelectricity of multiferroic GdMn2O5 as a function of tem-perature and magnetic field are investigated. The compli-cated magnetic transitions at low temperatures are featured with anomalous Raman mode shifts, dielectric response, and ferroelectricity generation, indicating the significant spin– phonon coupling. It is argued that this coupling is possibly responsible for the electrical polarization generation associ-ated with the incommensurate–commensurate transition