Wyvern: A simple, typed, and pure object-oriented language

The simplest and purest practical object-oriented language designs today are seen in dynamically-typed languages, such as Smalltalk and Self. Static types, however, have potential benefits for produc-tivity, security, and reasoning about programs. In this paper, we de-scribe the design of Wyvern, a statically typed, pure object-oriented language that attempts to retain much of the simplicity and expres-siveness of these iconic designs. Our goals lead us to combine pure object-oriented and func-tional abstractions in a simple, typed setting. We present a foun-dational object-based language that we believe to be as close as one can get to simple typed lambda calculus while keeping object-orientation. We show how this foundational language can be trans-lated to the typed lambda calculus via standard encodings. We then define a simple extension to this language that introduces classes and show that classes are no more than sugar for the foundational object-based language. Our future intention is to demonstrate that modules and other object-oriented features can be added to our lan-guage as not more than such syntactical extensions while keeping the object-oriented core as pure as possible. The design of Wyvern closely follows both historical and mod-ern ideas about the essence of object-orientation, suggesting a new way to think about a minimal, practical, typed core language for objects