Review Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy 2011;20(3): 75-93 DOI: 10.4274/MIRT.33

Objective: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death for men and women in Turkey as it is in Europe and US. The prevalence of the disease is 3.8 % in Turkey and 200,000 patients are added to the pool of CHD annually. Because of genetic predis-position and high proportions of physical inactivity, smoking habit, and obesity, CHD is encountered in earlier ages in our country. So, the economic burden of the disease is expected to be relatively high, but the amount of health expenditure is not always parallel to the prevalence of a disease in the community. This article was written to overview CHD statistics to make a comparison between Turkey and some European countries and to investigate the value of myocardial perfusion scan (MPS) as a gatekeeper in diagnosing CHD before invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The consequences were evaluated for Turkey. In diagnosis; noninvasive testing gains impor-tance in connection with the new approaches in treatment strategies, because a direct ICA strategy results in higher rates of revascu-larization without improvement in clinical outcomes. A “gatekeeper ” is needed to select the patients who are not required to under-go angiography. MPS with its proved power in diagnosis and predicting prognosis, provides a cost-effective solution, and is accepted in some extensive analyses as a “gatekeeper ” particularly in intermediate and high risk patients and in patients with known CHD. In conclusion, MPS may provide an optimal solution better than the ongoing situation in Turkey as well, when it is approved as a “gatekeeper in an algorithm before ICA. (MIRT 2011;20:75-93