51EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS

Robust findings for NCR as treatment Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) has become one of a number of treatment options clinicians have at their disposal when attempting to address severe behavior problems. Similar to consequence-based treatment strategies such as differential reinforcement and functional communication training (FCT), NCR has been demonstrated to be successful across behavioral function. Vollmer, Iwata, Zarcone, Smith, and Mazaleski (1993) provided a demonstration of the utility of NCR for reducing problem behavior maintained by positive reinforcement. In this seminal study, the effects of noncontingent at-tention were compared to attention provided o