www.elsevier.com/locate/jado Journal of Adolescence Journal of Adolescence 27 (2004) 113–122 An update on the effects of playing violent video games

This article presents a brief overview of existing research on the effects of exposure to violent video games. An updated meta-analysis reveals that exposure to violent video games is significantly linked to increases in aggressive behaviour, aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, and cardiovascular arousal, and to decreases in helping behaviour. Experimental studies reveal this linkage to be causal. Correlational studies reveal a linkage to serious, real-world types of aggression. Methodologically weaker studies yielded smaller effect sizes than methodologically stronger studies, suggesting that previous meta-analytic studies of violent video games underestimate the true magnitude of observed deleterious effects on behaviour, cognition, and affect. r 2003 The Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. An update on the effects of violent video games For many in the general public, the problem of video game violence first emerged with schoo