An updated and further developed theory and evidence for the close-contact one-on-one association of nearly all cell K+ with β-, and γ-carboxyl groups of intracellular proteins

Abstract: The primary focus of this communication is to present an updated and advanced version of the theory of close-contact association of molecules and ions through the spatial fixation and ag-gregation of the adsorbing sites. The last sections of the text also review a collection of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental findings gathering since seventy years ago. Though some of these findings were published before the theory, old and new, they all support the theory that close-contact association with the β-, and γ-carboxyl groups of intracellular proteins causes the selective accu-mulation of potassium ions (K+) in living cells. “POTASSIUM IS of the soil and not the sea; it is of the cell but not the sap. ” With this thought-provoking remark, W. O. Fenn launched his 1940 Physiological Review article o