Near-miss Outcomes During Gambling Distort Frontal-Cortical Reward Processing Mechanisms

near miss has long been thought to influence the way players interact with Electronig Gambling Machines (EGMs)[1]. Many gaming manufacturers have even designed their machines to produce near misses at a level greater than chance with the justification of increasing entertainment value. The Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) is an evoked frontal component sensitive to valence (win/loss) and riskiness during gambling[2]. We artificially increased the proportion of near misses in a gambling task dependent on probability evaluation. We also report the results of an EEG investigation of the correlates of reward processing at the moment of actual reward feedback (i.e. visua