Globalization, Development, and Gender Inequality across the World: A Multivariate Multilevel Approach

This study investigates how globalization and socio-economic development are linked to three indices of gender inequality, i.e., gender differences in secondary school enrolment, unemployment, and labor force participation. It employs multivariate multilevel modeling to also investigate the interdependence among the three gender gaps. The results indicate that economic development/growth, globalization and measures of aggregate economic inequality are significantly related to at least two out of the three indices. Gender gaps in education and unemployment are negatively correlated between countries