Evolution-in-materio: Solving machine learning classification problems using materials

Abstract. Evolution-in-materio (EIM) is a method that uses artificial evolution to exploit the properties of physical matter to solve computa-tional problems without requiring a detailed understanding of such prop-erties. EIM has so far been applied to very few computational problems. We show that using a purpose-built hardware platform called Mecobo, it is possible to evolve voltages and signals applied to physical materials to solve machine learning classification problems. This is the first time that EIM has been applied to such problems. We evaluate the approach on two standard datasets: Lenses and Iris. Comparing our technique with a well-known software-based evolutionary method indicates that EIM performs reasonably well. We suggest that EIM offers a promising new direction for evolutionary computation