Representations and operators for improving evolutionary software repair

Evolutionary computation is a promising technique for au-tomating time-consuming and expensive software mainte-nance tasks, including bug repair. The success of this ap-proach, however, depends at least partially on the choice of representation, fitness function, and operators. Previous work on evolutionary software repair has employed different approaches, but they have not yet been evaluated in depth. This paper investigates representation and operator choices for source-level evolutionary program repair in the GenProg framework [17], focusing on: (1) representation of individ-ual variants, (2) crossover design, (3) mutation operators, and (4) search space definition. We evaluate empirically on a dataset comprising 8 C programs totaling over 5.1 mil-lion lines of code and containing 105 reproducible, human-confirmed defects. Our results provide concrete suggestions for operator and representation design choices for evolution-ary program repair. When augmented to incorporate these suggestions, GenProg repairs 5 additional bugs (60 vs. 55 out of 105), with a decrease in repair time of 17–43 % for the more difficult repair searches