Optimal Building Systems Basic Topology Optimization Framework

To apply topology optimization to the field of structural engineering through high-rise building design Use a combined approach with both continuum and discrete elements to create practical designs Address the importance of achieving a balance between engineering and architecture for efficient, sustainable design Historical examples of structures by architects with strong and innovative engineering concepts Gaudi used physical models to calculate sophisticated structures (Sagradia Familia Cathedral, Barcelona, Spain- still under construc-tion) Fuller’s philosophical ideas about holistic design, synergetics, and ge-ometry led to innovative structures (Montreal Biosphere, Montreal, Canada, 1967) Candela created thin-shell concrete structures, which are efficien