Antioxidant Peptidomics Reveals Novel Skin

It is generally agreed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to skin aging, skin disorders, and skin dis-eases. Skin possesses an extremely efficient antioxidant system. This antioxidant activity is conferred by two sys-tems: antioxidant enzymes and small molecules that can scavenge ROS by donating electrons. No gene-encoded secreted ROS scavengers have been reported. Amphibian skin is a multifunctional organ acting in defense, respira-tion, and water regulation, although it seems susceptible. Amphibian skins are easily harmed by biological or non-biological attacks such as microorganism infection or ra-diation injury. Among vertebrates, skins of amphibian are exposed to more dangers of radiation injury than others. Radiation toxicity occurs by directly attacking the genetic material and/or by generating ROS. In addition, amphibia