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iodine excretion W Iodine intake Background/Methods: In Germany, iodine deficiency is common. In a representative group of 2,500 Germans (age 113 years), using a specially designed food ques-tionnaire, the iodine intake was calculated. In addition, iodine and creatinine concentrations in spot urine sam-ples were determined in three groups with a possibly increased risk of iodine deficiency (769 conscripts, 886 pairs of mothers and newborns) or future hyperthyroid-ism (574 adults, age range 50–70 years) from 26 repre-sentative regions. In four groups of controls (young and older male and female adults; n = 91), 24-hour urine iodine and creatinine were measured in six diurnal frac-tions to calculate group- and period-specific factors fo