Survival Analysis Survival from bladder cancer in England and Wales up to 2001

Statistics, 2003). Bladder cancer ranks as the fourth most common in men and ninth in women, and it causes approximately 4300 deaths (2800 in men) a year in England and Wales. Incidence increases with age, most steeply above the age of 60 years. The two-fold or greater excess in men is world-wide (Ferlay et al, 2004), and the excess is three-fold above the age of 60 years. Bladder cancer is uncommon below the age of 50 years, except in countries where it is linked with chronic schistosomal infestation of the bladder. Both incidence and mortality show deprivation gradients, with higher rates in more deprived areas, but the differences are small (Quinn et al, 2001). Incidence rose steadily in both sexes during the 1970s and 1980s