Frugal Sensing: Wideband Power Spectrum Sensing From Few Bits

Abstract—Wideband spectrum sensing is a key requirement for cognitive radio access. It now appears increasingly likely that spectrum sensing will be performed using networks of sensors, or crowd-sourced to handheld mobile devices. Here, a network sensing scenario is considered, where scattered low-end sensors filter and measure the average signal power across a band of interest, and each sensor communicates a single bit (or coarsely quantized level) to a fusion center, depending on whether its measurement is above a certain threshold. The focus is on the underdetermined case, where relatively few bits are available at the fusion center. Exploiting non-negativity and the linear relationship between the power spectrum and the autocorrelation, it is shown that adequate power spectrum sensing is possible from few bits, even for dense spectra. The formulation can be viewed as generalizing classical nonparametric power spectrum estimation to the case where the data is in the form of inequalities, rather than equalities. Index Terms—Cognitive radio, distributed spectrum compres-sion, spectral analysis, spectrum sensing. I