Influence of Swimming on Occurrence of Apoptosis by Experimental Diabetic Myopathy in Rats

Abstract: By increasing insulin sensitivity and removing glucose as well as decreasing body fat, swimming accounts as a very robust non-drug tools for preventing and treating diabetes mellitus, generally type1 and type2. Diabetic myopathy is the main factor damaging muscle cells in diabetic patients.. This study aimed to determine swimming role on apoptosis differences by experimental diabetic myopathy. 56 male Wistar rat, 12 weeks age old, weighting 250-300g were selected for this study. Rats were divided into two groups of 28; then they were experimentally affected to diabetes by streptosotocin (50 mg for a kg weight) using intra-peritoneum injection. Treatment group remained in the same conditions (feeding and maintaining) for 12 weeks; forcing to swim 5 days a week and an hour a day orderly. During this period, control group had no physical activities and exercise, but in the same maintaining and feeding conditions. After 12 weeks, both groups were sampled from gastrokenimous muscle tissue and were fixed in formalin10%, sectioned using regular methods for pathological sectioning and provided 5-6 micron thick sections, then stained by hematoxilin-eosin and Tanel specific technique. Tissue pathology in the control group indicates apoptosis and necrosis in the gastrokenimous muscle tissue. Such differences in treatments were insignificant and both groups were significantly different. Results indicate that swimming can reduce pathological differences and may relatively improve damages of muscle tissue in diabetic myopathies