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iii Genetic diversity has been recognized as a vital component of fish management in Wisconsin. An explicit goal of the state‘s walleye management plan has been to preserve the genetic integrity of naturally recruiting walleye populations. A prerequisite to achieving this goal is understanding the distribution of genetic diversity within and among the State‘s walleye populations. My objectives were to 1) to determine whether there is significant genetic structure among Wisconsin‘s naturally recruiting walleye populations, and 2) if this resolved genetic structure was consistent with contemporary fisheries management zones employed for Wisconsin‘s walleye. Genetic diversity for these walleye populations was measured at 10 microsatellite loci and genetic structure was delineated through a process known as genetic stock identification (GSI). Genetic stock identification is a series of hierarchical tests consisting of genic differentiation, genetic distance, AMOVA, and pairwise FST comparisons to identify putative genetic units. Genetic diversity levels throughout the sampled populations were high (Ho = 0.7144, HE = 0.7677) and comparable to other walleye studies (Wirth et al. 1999; Borer e