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Although relatively rare in comparison with cancer in older adults, cancer is the second leading cause of death in persons aged 1-14 years. The epidemiology of cancer among children differs markedly from that of adults, both in the patterns of anatomic sites involved and the predominant histologic types. Most notably, the tumors diagnosed in children frequently involve the hematopoietic and central nervous systems or are of mesenchymal origin. In contrast, malignancies of epithelial tissues, which are predominant in adults, are uncommon in children. Similar to adult cancers, the etiology of many childhood cancers remains unclear. The Cancer Data Registry of Idaho receives several requests per year from physicians and others for data on pediatric cancer incidence for the state of Idaho. This report describes the incidence of pediatric cancers in Idaho, with comparisons to data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER currently collects and publishes cancer incidence and survival data from population-based cancer registries covering approximately 26 percent of the US population and is considered the standard for quality among cancer registries around the world