Occurrence of Pathogens and Nematodes in the Spruce Bark

ABSTRACT. Occurrence of pathogens was investigated in the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus from three different sampling plots in Borjomi gorge at 950-1100 m above sea level, collected in 2007-2008. Various viral, protozoan pathogen species and nematodes could be observed with a light microscope in the examined beetles. Different collection sites and in different years were observed in the following pathogen complex: Protozoa, Gregarina typographi, (7.5 % to 49.5%); Chytridiopsis typographi (5.8 % to 15%), Nosema sp. (5.3%,), virus, like entomopoxvirus- EPV of Ips typographus (0.9%) and 3 species of nematodes Contortylenchus diplogaster, Parasitorhabditis sp., Bursaphelenchus sp. 40.7-71.4%. Furthermore, pathogens occurred in Ips typographus from 3 different sampling plots in an area (one locality) within a distance of a few kilometers. © 2009 Bull