Tobacco cessation treatment for alcohol-dependent smokers: When is the best time

Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among people with alcohol use disorders. Although several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of treating nicotine dependence in people with substance use disorders, researchers and clinicians continue to debate whether nicotine dependence treatment should be delivered simultaneously with or subsequent to alcohol treatment. Evidence suggests that alcohol-dependent individuals prefer sequential treatment and that simultaneous treatment can negatively impact alcohol use outcomes, although the literature is not conclusive. This review includes recommendations of considerations for treatment timing decisions and future research directions. KEY WORDS: Alcohol and tobacco; alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, abuse, and dependence; cigarette smoking; nicotine dependence; smoking cessation treatment; treatment outcomes; concurrent treatment; co-treatment; intervention; cessation of AOD use (AODU