Dental Implant Stability at Stage I and II Surgery as Measured Using Resonance Frequency Analysis

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the stability of implants using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) relative to length, diameter and arch location, at the time of implant placement and during second-stage surgery. A total of 102 implants in 43 patients had been measured for stability at the time of implant placement (49 implants), and during second-stage surgery (53 implants). Radiographic examinations were performed pre-operatively and following implant placement for Group 1 patients and at second-stage surgery for Group 2 patients. The implant stability for both groups was assessed by RFA (Osstell, Integration Diagnostics AB, Göteborgsvägen, Sweden). For each measurement, the transducer was placed perpendicular to the long axis of the implant location and then secured with a torque of 10 Ncm as per manufacturer instructions. The results showed implants at first-stage surgery to have a mean stability of 66 ± 6.2 ISQ (range 52 to 79), and implants at the second stage to have a mean stability value of 65 ± 6.2 ISQ (range 51 to 79). Mandibular implants appear to reach higher stability values than maxillary implants at both first and second stage surgery (P £ 0.05). A direct relationship was observed between implant stability and implant diameter, however not between implant stability and implant length Key words: implant-dental-stability-resonance frequenc