Technical Characteristics of General Outcome Measures (GOMs) in Mathematics for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities

The purpose of this two-year study was to examine the reliability, validity, and sensitivity to growth of newly developed general outcome measures (GOMs) in mathematics for teachers to use with students with significant cognitive disabilities. General outcome measurement framework, existing research in early mathematics education using this framework as well as the knowledge of educational needs of students with significant disabilities served as a basis for this study. The participants were 26 students with significant cognitive disabilities ranging from 1 st to 10 th grade. Technical characteristics of four new GOMs were examined, Number Identification (NI), Number Order (NO), Quantity Discrimination (QD), and Number Facts (NF). In year one, NI, NO, QD were administered for 5 minutes each. Based on the results from the first year, NI, NO, an