Incidence of bacteremia in antiretroviral-naive HIV-positive children less than five years of age in

acteremia refers to the presence of bacteria in the blood, which usually occurs when pathogens gain entrance to the blood stream through abscesses, infected wounds or burns or from areas of localized disease (1). In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children, bacterial infections are a major source of morbidity and mortality. The most common opportu-nistic infections in children in the absence of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) include pneu-monia and bacteraemia (2). However, in developing countries where access to care and treatment for HIV-positive children may be limited, bacterial invasion of the blood stream becomes readily possible due to the low immunity of such children. This report investigates the bacterial etiology of bacteremi