8-Node Hexahedron Elements applied to Explicit Finite Element Methods

The scope of this study is the (222)-Lagrange Element as it is ap-plied to the Explicit Finite Element Method. The basic assumptions are summarized. Dierent formulations are adressed such as Total and Updated Lagrangian including an incremental elastic/plastic material model. The basic principles of variable time step control are described. Gaussian quadrature is applied to the spatial integration over the ele-ment volume. Together with reduced integration, the stabilization of hourglass modes is discussed in detail. Several penalty based concepts are presented such as viscous, elastic and elastic/plastic control. The eciency of the formulations is demonstrated on several numerical examples.