Physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil of four crops systems in a farm at Guamuhaya Mountains

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological soil properties of the soil in four crops systems in a typical agroecosystem mountain conditions,on a farm in conversion to ecological production in the Massif Guamuhaya, Cuba, where predominant redferrous soil leachate. We worked with a completely randomized design of four replicates and four treatments consisting Coffee Systems crops, pine, various crops (grains, tubers and vegetables) and vegetation transition to natural forest. The following variables were valued: Factor structure, stable aggregates in water, pH, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, mesofauna and macrofauna. The soil devoted to coffee showed the best physical properties no difference with the transition to natural forest; although it had low levels of phosphorus, potassium and organic matter. , demonstrating a relatively high level in the indicators of biodiversity of the macro and mesofauna, while that of transition toward the natural forest manifested the best properties. The soil devoted to various crops, said intermediate properties relative to the rest while the pine, the highest level of organic matter but with deterioration of other properties