Instant Messaging: Strategies for enhancing Social Presence and Interaction in online learning environments

Abstract: Physical and geographical isolation from other learners and faculty can make online learning a lonely and frustrating experience. The visual cues which are available and the informal interactions that take place in traditional face-to-face learning settings do not occur automatically in online learning environments. Social presence and interaction have been identified as significant contributors to learner satisfaction, and are essential pedagogical principles in online and distance learning contexts. Through the use of the synchronous and socially translucent technology known as Instant Messaging, informal learning interactions and social bonding can occur. Five strategies are proposed as ways in which Instant Messaging, when used as part of an integrated online pedagogical approach, may enhance social presence and interaction, leading to improved learner satisfaction and performance