OCULAR INVOLVEMENT IN MUCOCUTANEOUS DISORDERS- A STUDY IN TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SOUTH ORISSA

BACKGROUND Diseases of skin, mucous membrane and mucocutaneous junctions may also affect the eyes. Physical findings of dermatological disorders and eyes overlap due to three factors- (i) Genodermatoses often affects both skin and eyes because of origin from embryonic ectodermal layers, (ii) Acquired dermatological disorders may affect the mucocutaneous tissue of periorbital regions, (iii) Systemic diseases can manifest as diseases of skin and periocular mucocutaneous tissue because of their superficial anatomical locations. The aim of the present study was observation and interpretation of changes in the eye in different mucocutaneous disorders and correlation of the eye changes with severity of the diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was undertaken in the Department of Ophthalmology, M.K.C.G. Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, South Orissa, during the period of 2014 to 2016 including the referred patients after being diagnosed with mucocutaneous disease from Department of Dermatology, Paediatric and Medicine from the same hospital. A case study of 204 patients (M- 164, F-40) was done. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examination inclusive of ocular movements, VA, IOP, S/L exam, blood and urine investigation and fundus examination. RESULTS Out of 204 patients examined, i.e. 164 males and 40 females, the ocular involvement found was 132, i.e. 64%. Majority of patients having ocular lesions were affected by herpes (72.2%) and leprosy (78.57%). Most common mucocutaneous syndrome in the study was herpes (35.29%) and leprosy (27.45%). Most common ocular lesions in various mucocutaneous ocular syndrome was found to be conjunctivitis (45.4%), blepharitis (34.8%) and periorbital vesicles (30.3%). The least common was found to be trichiasis and conjunctival membrane each 3%. After follow-up of 3 months, the following ocular sequelaes were observed, i.e. dry eye (9%), symblepharon (7.5%), corneal scar (4.5%), corneal vascularisation (3%), trichiasis (3%) and ankyloblepharon (1.5%). Visual acuity analysis was done. We found in 62 cases had vision between 6/18 to 6/6.40 cases had visual acuity between 6/18 to 6/60. 12 cases had total blindness. CONCLUSION Recognition of ocular disease progression and prompt access to specialist services may optimise management of these uncommon patterns of ocular disease in mucocutaneous disorders