of Female Sexual Dysfunctions

Objective: The aim of this paper is to review the etiology, diagnosis and prognosis of Female Sexual Dysfunctions (FSD), so as to increase the physician’s competence in the evaluation of women’s intimacy-related issues, sexual concerns and dysfunctions, with a special focus on biological etiology and the clinical examination. Method: The etiology, diagnostic approach and prognosis of each sexual dysfunction is indicated via a literature review of the most relevant publications in this field. Results: FSD’s etiology is multifactorial. The most important causes include biological, psychosexual and contextual factors. When assessing FSD, the clinical history should assess if: a) the disorder is generalized or situational; b) the disorder is lifelong or acquired after months or years of satisfying sexual intercourse; c) the level of distress is mild, moderate, or severe in terms of the impact of the FSD on the personal life; and, d) the leading etiologies. To diagnose a sexual dysfunction, it is crucial to ask specifically about sexual function and avoid a collusion of silence that is all too common. A structured clinical history, selected examinations, and a very accurate physical examination are fundamental for a correct diagnosis. Conclusions: Whatever the medical or genital sexual symptom complained of, a structured multidisciplinary, integrative approach is fundamental to the evaluation of the complex etiology of FSD