This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION 1 Automatic Reproduction of a Genius Algorithm: Strassen’s Algor

matician, announced a clever algorithm to reduce the asymptotic complexity of n × n matrix multiplication from the order of n3 to n2.81. It soon became one of the most famous scientific discoveries in the 20th century and provoked numerous studies by other mathematicians to improve upon it. Although a number of improvements have been made, Strassen’s algorithm is still optimal in his original framework, the bilinear systems of 2 × 2 matrix multiplication, and people are still curious how Strassen developed his algorithm. We examined it to see if we could auto-matically reproduce Strassen’s discovery using a search algorithm and find other algorithms of the same quality. In total, we found 608 algorithms that have the same quality as Strassen’s, including Strassen’s original algorithm. We partitioned the algorithms into nine different groups based on the way they are constructed. This paper was made possible by the combination of genetic search and linear–algebraic techniques. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that automatically reproduced Strassen’s algorithm, and furthermore, discovered new algorithms with equivalent asymptotic complexity using a search algorithm. Index Terms—Bilinear, Gaussian elimination, genetic algori