Cannonite, Bi20(OH)2804, a new mineral from

Cannonite, ideally Bi20(OH)2SO4, is a new mineral from the Tunnel Extension mine, Ohio Mining District, Marysvale, Utah, USA. It occurs mostly as intergrown crystalline aggregates (<1 mm) of subhedral to euhedral equant to prismatic rystals (<200 ~tm) in cavities in quartz gangue. Other associated minerals are cuprobismutite, bismuthinite, and covelline. Cannonite is colourless and transparent with an adamantine lustre and white streak. It is brittle with an uneven to conchoidal fracture. In reflected light it is low reflecting, weakly to moderately bireflectant and weakly anisotropic. Internal reflections (colourless to white) are abundant. Measured reflectance values in air and oil are tabulated. Colour values relative to the CIE illuminant C for R1 and R2 in air respectively are: Y % 10.4, 11.7; Lambdad 475,475; Pe % 2.6, 3.0. Calculated refractive indices at 589 nm: R1 1.91 and R2 1.99. VHNm0 229 (range 183-280); calculated Mohs hardness is 4. X-ray studies how that cannonite is monoclinic with space ~roup P21/c and a 7.700(3), b 13.839(6), c 5.686(2) A, ~ 109.11(3) ~ It has a cell volume of 572.5(4) A 3 with Z = 4. Dealt. is 6.515 g/cm. The s_trongest six lines of the X-ray powder pattern are [d in A (I) (hkl)] 3.206 (100) (221); 1.984 (90) (340, 152); 2.924 (70) (131); 3.644 (60) (111); 3.466 (60) (040); 2.782 (50) (]-12). Averaged probe analyses gave the empirical formula Bil.990(OHI.04)2S0.990 4 on the basis of 7 oxygen atoms. The name is fo