ORGANISATION OF THE PRODUCTION IN AQUACULTURE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN EASTERN EUROPE AND WESTERN EUROPE

Abstract: For Eastern European countries which have limited coastlines or have not access any more to foreign fishing zones in Africa or Asia, aquaculture is a major issue in aquatic products supply. Following the political and economic transformations which have occurred since 1989, the fish farming production has been decreasing in most of countries of the former Eastern bloc. Meanwhile, many enterprises have been restructured and new forms of organisation production have appeared. The transition from State-owned status to private entrepreneurship is not realised at the same pace in all the countries, but is a general trend. Not only the producers have to adjust to this new economic context, but they have to shift from production-driven to market-driven behaviour. In a context of international competition and short term economic objectives, organisation of the production is a key factor in the aim of sustainable management of aquaculture. Indeed, land and water are natural resources which have to be used with the help of common rules. Moreover, producers organisations may be very helpful to improve the marketing of the products and to make enterprises more competitive, as well on domestic markets as on foreign markets. A survey of the recent evolution and present state of agricultural and aquacultural production structures in Easter