SUMMARY The

pulpo-dentinal complex has protective qualities safeguarding the dental pulp from progressive inflammations and traumatic lesions. This effect is achieved through the formation of a dentine-like structure made-up of cells capable of additionally differentiating. It is supposed that these are multipotent stem cells. The isolation and proving the existence of such cells is of crucial importance for regenerative medicine. It is the aim of this project to isolate primary structures of mesenchymal stem cells from the pulp of temporary teeth. The isolation of primary cells from the pulp of temporary teeth to be physiologically replaced was carried out. Immuno-fluorescence, analysis of the cell proliferation and a vitality test (MTT) were conducted too. The project accomplished succeeded in isolating stem cell from the pulp of exfoliated temporary teeth. Such cells when in norm manifest no proliferation capacity. The tooth morphogenesis is realised from the ectoderm amd mesoderm situated around the primordial mouth. The process is regulated through consecutive and reciprocal ecto-mesenchymal interactions along a couple of signal ways. The first result from them is the formation of the tooth bud that gives the start of the formation of the tooth. Following the realised consecutive cascades of proliferation and differentiation of the participating cells, the dental germ develops on to pass through a hat-like and a bell-like stadium, after which the hystogenesis of the tooth structures begins. The interest towards the basic building cells of the dentine – the odontoblasts – remains to be big. These cells are unique in terms of origin and function. They originate from the neural combs and are a typical representative of the ectomesenchyme. They participate in the building of the organic matrix of the dentine and in its mineralisation. Contrary to the other building cells of the dental structures, they participate in the newly build dentine through their odontoblastic outgrowth, while the cell itself lives on the surface of the pulp. Thus they carry out an exchange withi