Bjarklev A., Future Illumination Systems and the Climate Challenge 1 FUTURE ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS AND THE CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE- THE CASE OF DANISH OFFICE LIGHTING

Higher eco-design requirements from the EU Directives and higher lighting standard requirements for working places open a new and challenging chapter of development for the illumination systems of the future. Electricity consumption due to illumination in offices in Europe will continue to rise due to the increasing number of offices and due to the new illumination standards. The total annual primary energy consumption of the European office lighting stock in 2005 was 281 PJ, of which 271.73 PJ was due to electricity use. It is estimated that office lighting generates 519 kton of non-hazardous (or landfill) waste and 7.2 kton hazardous (or incinerated) waste; 12.5 Mt CO2-eq. greenhouse gas emissions; 73 kt SO2-eq. acidifying gasses. It emits heavy metals in an amount of 5.7 ton Ni-eq. to air and 2.7 ton Hg to water. This paper discusses the question: What kind of considerations should the photonic industry take into account when designing future low-carbon illumination systems to efficiently reduce the CO2 emissions, when evaluating the possibilities for the future