Magnetic Behaviour of Implanted Transition Metal Probes at Difierent Lattice Sites in Metals⁄

Usually, the occurrence of magnetism on isolated, substitutional 3d, 4d and 5d impurity ions in metals is restricted to certain 3d ions (mainly Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in alloying metallic systems. The application of the perturbed °-ray distribution method following heavy ion reactions and recoil implantation has ofiered an experimental technique for producing and investigating new magnetic systems. Of special importance are nonalloying systems, which can exhibit extreme variations of e.g. density of states and atomic volume in the probe{host combinations produced by recoil implantation. Recent developments in this fleld include the following: Magnetism and the Kondo efiect observed for 43Sc ions in alkali metal hosts are found to be consistent with a nearly localised, ionic 3d1 single-electron conflguration, and parallel the behaviour observed in certain Ce systems. More generally, essential features of the magnetism of 3d and 4d ions in sp metal hosts are similar to those of 4f systems. Recent experimental and theoretical studies of 54Fe in d-band metal hosts are of key importance for an understanding of the basic features of local moment formation on substitutional Fe ions in transition metal hosts in general