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finem ature ducti onfine to de ir imp nfinem specified yield strength of the transverse reinforcement. In the The objective of this article is to develop new equations for the CSA Standard CSA 1994, the column part of a ductile frame shall comply with the same confinement requirement as specified in the ACI Code ACI 2005. It should be noted that these re-quirements were developed for normal strength concrete columns. The New Zealand Standard requirements for confinement rein-forcement NZS 1995 represent a departure from the aforemen-tioned requirements in that they were developed specifically for seismic effects and accounted for the level of axial load acting on the column section. determination of confinement reinforcement for rectangular and circular concrete columns applicable to concrete strength up to 120 MPa and confinement steel strength up to 1,400 MPa. These equations are developed from a comprehensive study considering the effects of parameters playing an important role in column ductility. Based on this approach, simplified equations for the design of confinement reinforcement are proposed that are suit-able for code use and indeed form the basis for the new confine-ment requirements of the new CSA A23.3 Standard CSA 2004. The proposed equations are compared with experimental results of 93 square and circular columns made with normal- and high-strength material that have been tested by different researchers