Bank runs, political distortions and contagion

This paper highlights the spread of banking panics across countries, as the public reassesses governments ’ propensity to bailouts. Policymakers decide whether to rescue a failing banking sector, by weighing the costs of a collapse against the costs associated with raising taxes to finance a bailout package. The former involve social costs for the society and personal costs for policymakers. In addition, they have an informational advantage over creditors regarding the costs of bank liquidation. A crisis in a country leads lenders to reexamine policymakers ’ willingness to intervene in other countries, which eventually makes their banks more vulnerable to self−fulfilling depositors ’ runs