◆ Comparison of Transport Network Technologies for IPTV Distribution

via an Internet service provider (ISP). Typically, the subscriber connection is via ADSL or ADSL2 based copper interface (local loop). The subscriber data traf-fic, which tends to be bursty but with low average rates, is aggregated at a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) located at the central office (CO) or at a remote location. This traffic is routed to ISP(s) via an IP/asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) transport infrastructure. The local loop connection speeds vary with the condition of the copper loop, the distance of the subscriber from the CO, and the type of xDSL technology used