From Behavioral Description to A Pattern-Based Model for Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Abstract. Intelligent Tutoring Systems are capable of becoming an alternative to expert human tutors, able to provide direct customized instruction and feedback to students. Although Intelligent Tutoring Systems could differ widely in their attached knowledge bases and user interfaces (including interaction mechanisms), their behaviors are quite similar; thus, it must be possible to establish a common software model for them. A common software model is a step forward to move these systems from proof-of-concepts and academic research tools to widely available tools in schools and homes. The work reported here addresses: (1) the use of Design Patterns to create an object-oriented software model for Intelligent Tutoring Systems; (2) the application of the model into a two-year development project; (3) the qualities achieved and trade-offs made. Besides that, this paper describes our experience using patterns, and the impact in facts such as creating a common language among stakeholders, supporting an incremental development and adjustment to a highly shifting developing team