for Latin America and the Caribbean

The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID. SUMMARY Despite the importance of the male condom in the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, male condom use remains relatively low among adults of reproductive age in most countries of the world (Gardner et al. 1999). The factors that influence the consistent and correct use of male condoms are not well understood. Past studies on the use of the male condom have primarily focused on the barriers, which impede successful condom use (Gardner et al. 1999). This study took a fresh approach to understanding the factors and conditions that influence condom use in the Dominican Republic. Rather than focusing on the barriers that impede successful condom use, as past studies have, we instead explored the behavior of individuals who are successful at using male condoms and the factors that facilitate their use. Specifically, we explored successful users ’ beliefs about condoms and condom use, the factors that led successful condom users to initially adopt and t