Execution context optimization for disk energy

Power, energy, and thermal concerns have constrained em-bedded systems designs. Computing capability and storage density have increased dramatically, enabling the emergence of handheld devices from special to general purpose com-puting. In many mobile systems, the disk is among the top energy consumers. Many previous optimizations for disk energy have assumed uniprogramming environments. How-ever, many optimizations degrade in multiprogramming be-cause programs are unaware of other programs (execution context). We introduce a framework to make programs aware of and adapt to their runtime execution context. We evaluated real workloads by collecting user activity traces and characterizing the execution contexts. The study con rms that many users run a limited number of programs concurrently. We applied execution context optimizations to eight programs and tested ten combinations. The programs ran concurrently while the disk's power was measured. Our measurement infrastructure allows interactive sessions to be scripted, recorded, and replayed to compare the optimiza-tions ' eects against the baseline. Our experiments covered two write cache policies. For write-through, energy savings was in the range 3{63 % with an average of 21%. For write-back, energy savings was in the range-33{61 % with an aver-age of 8%. In all cases, our optimizations incurred less than 1 % performance penalty