1. Major Changes in Moving to Organic Production

Organic crop production methods are determined to a significant extent by the organic certification standards. In general, the standards allow use of natural methods and products and disallow use of synthetic methods and products. Thus the organic grower’s toolbox is greatly restricted relative to what a conventional grower has. This is especially true with regard to pest management, where tools for dealing with pest outbreaks are limited or non-existent, necessitating an emphasis on prevention. Natural fertility sources such as manures, organic amendments, and mineral powders can require changes in fertility management strategies. Many horticultural practices are similar. However, growers who have entered organic farming often describe a mental change that is necessary because of the need to understand natural processes and how to enhance those beneficial to the crop within the ecosystem of the farm. This paper will focus on some general areas of concern for growers adopting organic tree fruit management and will provide examples of organic practices for soils and pests