3-D Kinematical Conservation Laws (KCL): Equations of evolution of a surface

Abstract. 3-D KCL are equations of evolution of a propagating surface Ωt in 3-space dimensions and were first derived by Giles, Prasad and Ravindran in 1995 assuming the motion of the surface to be isotropic. Here we discuss various properties of these 3-D KCL. These are the most general equations in conservation form, governing the evolution of Ωt with singularities which we call kinks and which are curves across which the normal n to Ωt and amplitude w on Ωt are discontinuous. From KCL we derive a system of six differential equations and show that the KCL system is equivalent to the ray equations for Ωt. The six independent equations and an energy transport equation (for small amplitude waves in a polytropic gas) involving an amplitude w (which is related to the normal velocity m of Ωt) form a completely determined system of seven equations. We have determined eigenvalues of the system by a very novel method and find that the system has two distinct nonzero eigenvalues and five zero eigenvalues and the dimension of the eigenspace associated with the multiple eigenvalue 0 is only 4. For an appropriately defined m, the two nonzero eigenvalues are real when m> 1 and pure imaginary when m < 1. Finally we have shown how to use the theory to concrete examples. The symbols used in this paper are listed in the Appendix E 1